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Related Experiment Videos

Occupational asthma due to isocyanates.

C E Mapp1, P Boschetto, L Dal Vecchio

  • 1Institute of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Italy.

The European Respiratory Journal
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Occupational asthma caused by isocyanates is common, with over half of symptomatic individuals testing positive. Delayed diagnosis is frequent, highlighting the need for prompt recognition of isocyanate-induced asthma.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Isocyanates are common triggers for occupational asthma.
  • Delayed diagnosis of occupational asthma is a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of isocyanate-induced asthma in symptomatic workers.
  • To assess airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in relation to isocyanate exposure.

Main Methods:

  • 162 subjects with suspected occupational asthma underwent inhalation challenge testing.
  • Isocyanates (toluene diisocyanate, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate) and methacholine challenges were performed.
  • Symptoms, atopy, smoking status, and late asthmatic reactions were recorded.

Main Results:

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  • 57.4% of subjects were diagnosed with isocyanate-induced asthma via positive challenge tests.
  • Subjects with positive isocyanate challenges showed higher airway responsiveness to methacholine.
  • Shortness of breath and cough were the predominant symptoms; late asthmatic reactions were common (71%).

Conclusions:

  • Isocyanate-induced asthma is frequently confirmed by inhalation challenge testing.
  • Increased methacholine responsiveness is associated with confirmed isocyanate asthma.
  • Occupational asthma due to isocyanates often presents with late asthmatic reactions and has a delayed diagnosis.