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Monodisperse emulsions from a microfluidic device, characterised by diffusion NMR.

Andrew Woodward1, Terence Cosgrove1, Joussef Espidel1

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.

Soft Matter
|September 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created monodisperse polymeric emulsions using microfluidics. Pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) accurately measured droplet size and polydispersity by analyzing restricted diffusion within droplets.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices offer precise control over emulsion formation.
  • Characterizing droplet size and distribution is crucial for emulsion applications.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides insights into molecular dynamics and structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic method for generating monodisperse polymeric oil-in-water emulsions.
  • To utilize pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) for droplet size and polydispersity determination.
  • To investigate the influence of restricted diffusion on PFG-NMR signal attenuation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microfluidic device for emulsion generation.
  • Application of pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Analysis of PFG-NMR signal attenuation using diffusion equation models.
  • Comparison of NMR-derived sizes with optical microscopy and laser diffraction.

Main Results:

  • Successful creation of monodisperse polymeric oil-in-water emulsions (15-100 µm).
  • PFG-NMR signal minima enabled straightforward calculation of droplet size and polydispersity.
  • Restricted diffusion within droplets was confirmed and analyzed.
  • Water NMR provided structural information on the continuous phase.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidics is an effective tool for producing well-defined polymeric emulsions.
  • PFG-NMR is a powerful, non-invasive technique for characterizing emulsion droplet size and polydispersity.
  • Understanding diffusion dynamics is key to interpreting PFG-NMR data for emulsions.