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Improving data access democratizes and diversifies science.

Abhishek Nagaraj1, Esther Shears2, Mathijs de Vaan3

  • 1Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; nagaraj@berkeley.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Making scientific data more accessible, like NASA's Landsat satellite imagery, boosts research quantity and quality. This data democratization also helps scientists globally, increasing research diversity.

Keywords:
Landsatdata accessdiversityinequalityscience of science

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Area of Science:

  • Earth and space science
  • Geospatial analysis
  • Environmental monitoring

Background:

  • Scientific progress relies on data access, but costs and restrictions often limit it.
  • The Landsat program provides the longest continuous record of Earth's surface observations.
  • Understanding the impact of data accessibility on scientific output is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how improved data access influences the quantity, quality, and diversity of scientific research.
  • To analyze the effects of reduced costs and sharing restrictions for Landsat satellite data on academic science.
  • To assess the democratizing impact of data accessibility on global scientific communities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of approximately 24,000 Landsat publications and over 34,000 authors.
  • Matching publications to nearly 3,000 unique study locations.
  • Examining changes in research output and diversity following data access improvements.

Main Results:

  • Improved access to Landsat data significantly increased the quantity and quality of scientific publications.
  • Data democratization disproportionately benefited scientists from developing nations and lower-ranked institutions.
  • Enhanced access led to increased geographic and topical diversity in Landsat-enabled research.

Conclusions:

  • Policies improving access to scientific data can foster scientific progress and reduce global research inequality.
  • Making valuable datasets freely available promotes novel research topics and exploration of understudied regions.
  • Increased data accessibility is a key driver for a more diverse and equitable scientific landscape.