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Cardiac chamber volumes and left ventricular mass in people living with HIV and matched uninfected controls

L Krebs-Demmer1, A Ronit1, P E Sigvardsen2

  • 1Viro-immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases 8632, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

HIV Medicine
|September 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

People living with HIV (PLWH) show minor heart structure changes, including smaller left ventricular volume and larger right ventricular volume. These cardiac alterations do not fully explain the increased cardiovascular disease risk in PLWH.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
  • The underlying structural cardiac changes contributing to CVD risk in PLWH are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess structural cardiac abnormalities in well-treated PLWH compared to uninfected controls.
  • To identify risk factors associated with cardiac changes in PLWH.

Main Methods:

  • Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was used to evaluate cardiac structure.
  • Measurements included left atrial volume index (LAVi), left ventricular diastolic volume index (LVDVi), right ventricular diastolic volume index (RVDVi), and left ventricular mass index (LVMi).
  • 592 PLWH and 1184 uninfected controls were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • PLWH had smaller LAVi and LVDVi, but larger RVDVi compared to controls.
  • HIV was independently associated with smaller LVDV, larger RVDV, and larger LVM after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.
  • No association was found between large RVDV in PLWH and obstructive lung function.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is independently linked to specific alterations in cardiac chamber volumes and mass.
  • The observed cardiac chamber alterations in PLWH are generally minor.
  • These findings suggest that cardiac chamber volume changes alone may not account for the elevated CVD burden in PLWH.
Abstract

Keywords:
HIVcardiac chamber volumescardiovascular computed tomographycardiovascular diseasematched controlsventricular mass

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