Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

3.6K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
3.6K
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

15.1K
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
15.1K
Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content02:33

Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content

4.4K
Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
The cytoplasm contains various organelles, as well as salts, proteins, and water. The distribution of...
4.4K
Prokaryotic Cells01:51

Prokaryotic Cells

131.8K
Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins....
131.8K
Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

6.8K
The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
6.8K
Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

6.9K
Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
6.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pyrite as a catalyst for the emergence of multiphase primitive cells.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

Exploring CCND1 as a Key Target of <i>Acorus calamus</i> Against RSV Infection: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Bioinformatics Analysis.

Current issues in molecular biology·2025
Same author

Integrative Transcriptomic and Network Pharmacology Analysis Reveals Key Targets and Mechanisms of <i>Moschus</i> (musk) Against Viral Respiratory Tract Infections.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Sustainable disease management in tomatoes: Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fungicides for Fusarium wilt control.

Pest management science·2025
Same author

Effect of Partial Root Drying Stress on Improvement in Tomato Production.

Current issues in molecular biology·2025
Same author

Biphasic Coacervation Controlled by Kinetics as Studied by De Novo-Designed Peptides.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.2K

Protocells with hierarchical structures as regulated by liquid-liquid and liquid-solid phase separations.

Hairong Jing1, Haojing Chang, Ya'nan Lin

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. dliang@pku.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created dynamic protocells using phase separation. They manipulated solid particles within liquid coacervates using electric fields to form fibrous and vesicular structures, mimicking life processes.

More Related Videos

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.5K
Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
10:11

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Published on: March 26, 2013

19.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.2K
Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.5K
Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
10:11

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems

Published on: March 26, 2013

19.1K

Area of Science:

  • Biomimetic chemistry
  • Soft matter physics
  • Origin of life studies

Background:

  • Understanding protocell formation is key to deciphering life's origins.
  • Spontaneous phase separation is a crucial mechanism in biological organization.
  • Dynamic structural changes are essential for protocell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct protocells with dynamic hierarchical structures.
  • To investigate particle organization within coacervate droplets.
  • To explore mechanisms relevant to early life processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spontaneous phase separation to form composite droplets.
  • Incorporating solid particles (PLL/oligo/oligocomp) into liquid coacervates (PLL/oligo).
  • Applying electric fields to induce particle circulation, vacuolization, and structural assembly.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the transition from liquid to solid phases within composite droplets.
  • Achieved particle organization into fibrous structures and clusters via electric field manipulation.
  • Observed the formation of vesicular structures through interfacial solid phase precipitation.

Conclusions:

  • Protocells with dynamic hierarchical structures can be constructed via phase separation.
  • Electric fields can effectively control particle organization and protocell morphology.
  • This work provides insights into self-organization mechanisms relevant to abiogenesis.