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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
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MicroRNA-421 Inhibits Apoptosis by Downregulating Caspase-3 in Human Colorectal Cancer.

Yifan Zhou1, Xiaowen Cheng1,2, Yufeng Wan3

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China.

Cancer Management and Research
|September 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNA-421 (miR-421) promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) by inhibiting apoptosis. This study found miR-421 targets and downregulates caspase-3, suggesting miR-421 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

Keywords:
apoptosiscaspase-3colorectal cancermicroRNA-421

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis.
  • miR-421 is known to regulate apoptosis in various cancers.
  • The specific role of miR-421 and its interaction with caspase-3 in CRC remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of miR-421 in colorectal cancer.
  • To determine the relationship between miR-421 and caspase-3 in CRC apoptosis.
  • To explore miR-421 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Detected miR-421 and caspase-3 expression in CRC tissues and cell lines.
  • Utilized TUNEL assay for in situ apoptosis detection.
  • Performed in vitro experiments with miR-421 mimics/antagomirs and luciferase reporter assays.
  • Assessed apoptosis by measuring caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation.

Main Results:

  • miR-421 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues compared to adjacent tissues.
  • Inhibition of miR-421 led to increased apoptosis, evidenced by upregulated caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation.
  • miR-421 directly targets and inhibits the CASP3 gene by binding to its 3'-untranslated region.

Conclusions:

  • miR-421 exhibits an anti-apoptotic function in colorectal cancer.
  • Caspase-3 (CASP3) is identified as a direct downstream target of miR-421.
  • Targeting miR-421 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer treatment.