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Evaluation of Galectin-3 as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection

Jyothirmayi Kanukurti1, Noorjahan Mohammed1, N N Sreedevi1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Journal of Laboratory Physicians
|September 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Serum Galectin-3 shows promise as a diagnostic biomarker for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), outperforming N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Combined testing may enhance HFpEF detection.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Heart Failure Research

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a complex cardiovascular disease with diverse causes.
  • N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has limitations in diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
  • Evaluating novel biomarkers is crucial for improving HFpEF diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess serum Galectin-3 as a diagnostic biomarker for HFpEF.
  • To compare the diagnostic efficacy of Galectin-3 with NT-proBNP in HFpEF patients.
  • To explore correlations between Galectin-3, NT-proBNP, and lipid parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional case-control study involving 63 HFpEF patients confirmed by echocardiography.
  • Serum NT-proBNP measured via electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.
  • Serum Galectin-3 measured using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay kit.

Main Results:

  • Median serum Galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in HFpEF patients versus controls (p < 0.0001).
  • Galectin-3 demonstrated higher sensitivity (77.78%) and AUC (0.93) compared to NT-proBNP (AUC 0.87) for HFpEF diagnosis.
  • A positive correlation was found between serum Galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels (r=0.21, p=0.048).

Conclusions:

  • Serum Galectin-3 is a valuable biomarker for diagnosing HFpEF, offering superior sensitivity and AUC.
  • Combined testing of Galectin-3 and NT-proBNP may improve the detection rate of HFpEF patients.
  • Galectin-3 warrants further investigation as a diagnostic tool in HFpEF management.

Keywords:
Galectin-3Heart failureNT-proBNPpreserved ejection fractionsensitivity

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