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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

Published on: February 13, 2019

Prospects and Pitfalls: Next-Generation Tools to Control Mosquito-Transmitted Disease.

E P Caragata¹, S Dong¹, Y Dong¹

¹Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA; email: ecaraga1@jhu.edu, sdong13@jhu.edu, ydong3@jhu.edu, mlsimoes@jhu.edu, ctikhe1@jhu.edu, gdimopo1@jhu.edu.

Annual Review of Microbiology

|September 9, 2020

Summary

Next-generation tools, including CRISPR gene editing and microbial strategies like Wolbachia, are being developed to combat mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. These innovations offer promising avenues for reducing global health threats.

Keywords:

Wolbachia biopesticides gene drive mosquito-transmitted disease sterile insect technique transgenesis

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

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Published on: February 13, 2019

Visualizing Efficacy of Pesticides Against Disease Vector Mosquitoes in the Field

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Small-Cage Laboratory Trials of Genetically-Engineered Anopheline Mosquitoes

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Published on: May 1, 2021

Area of Science:

Vector control
Genetics
Microbiology

Background:

Mosquito-transmitted diseases like malaria and dengue pose significant global health risks, impacting millions annually.
Existing control methods face challenges, necessitating innovative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review emerging next-generation tools for mosquito control.
To highlight advancements in genetic technologies and microbial interventions.

Main Methods:

CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for developing pathogen-resistant mosquitoes and genetic trait manipulation.
Utilizing microorganisms, specifically Wolbachia, for population replacement and disease transmission blocking.
Exploring mosquito-associated microbes for novel mosquitocidal and antipathogen compounds.

Main Results:

CRISPR technology enables pathogen resistance, genetic sexing, and trait introgression in mosquitoes.
Wolbachia-based strategies demonstrate field success in reducing disease transmission.
Diverse microbial communities associated with mosquitoes represent a source for new control agents.

Conclusions:

Advanced genetic and microbial tools show high potential for reducing the burden of mosquito-borne diseases.
Continued research and development are crucial for overcoming implementation challenges and maximizing impact.