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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Impaired recollection-based episodic memory as a cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia.

Priyadarshee Abhishek1, S Haque Nizamie2, Masroor Jahan3

  • 1Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Psychiatry , Ranchi, India.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|September 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients and their relatives show impaired recollection but intact familiarity memory. This suggests recollection deficits are a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia, distinct from familiarity.

Keywords:
Endophenotypeepisodic memoryfamiliarityrecollectionschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Patients with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in episodic memory, specifically impaired recollection but preserved familiarity.
  • Understanding these memory processes is crucial for identifying cognitive endophenotypes in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the endophenotypic nature of recollection and familiarity in schizophrenia.
  • To examine the influence of emotional valence and recall confidence on these memory processes.

Main Methods:

  • A 'remember-know' paradigm and a confidence judgment task were administered.
  • Participants included patients with schizophrenia, their first-degree relatives (FDRs), and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients and FDRs demonstrated poorer recollection compared to controls, while familiarity remained intact.
  • Performance differences were not affected by emotional valence or confidence levels.
  • No correlation was found between recollection deficits and illness duration, severity, or medication.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired recollection represents a potential cognitive endophenotype in schizophrenia.
  • The selective impairment of recollection, with spared familiarity, supports their distinct neural underpinnings and heritability.