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Case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children presenting as fever and abdominal pain

Neha Mahajan1, Huan Ting Chang1, Rachel Leeman1

  • 1Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|September 10, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can present atypically, mimicking common diagnoses. Providers must scrutinize for MIS-C, even without typical symptoms, to enable early intervention and prevent rapid deterioration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Atypical presentations can delay recognition and intervention.

Observation:

  • This case highlights a child with MIS-C who presented without the typical mucocutaneous symptoms.
  • The atypical presentation initially mimicked a more common diagnosis, delaying MIS-C suspicion.
  • Providers need heightened awareness for subtle or unusual MIS-C manifestations.

Findings:

  • The absence of mucocutaneous symptoms can lead to missed or delayed MIS-C diagnosis.
  • MIS-C can manifest with a wide range of symptoms, requiring broad differential diagnoses.
  • Prompt recognition of atypical MIS-C is essential for timely management.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for MIS-C in children with unexplained systemic inflammation.
  • Expanding diagnostic criteria to include non-specific symptoms may improve early detection.
  • Timely inpatient interventions are vital to mitigate the risk of rapid deterioration in MIS-C patients.

Keywords:
medical managementpaediatric intensive caretropical medicine (infectious disease)

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