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The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
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The Pair Test: A computerised measure of learning and memory.

Sarah Buck1,2, Filipa Bastos3,4,5, Torsten Baldeweg3,4

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry Section, Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK. Sarah.buck@ucl.ac.uk.

Behavior Research Methods
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Summary

A new tablet-based Pair Test effectively assesses learning and memory in children, offering reliable and valid measures for both typical development and neurodevelopmental disorders. This tool captures memory development across childhood and adolescence.

Keywords:
AssessmentChildrenLearningMemoryPaired-associate learningTest

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Assessing learning and memory in children is crucial, yet limited standardized tools hinder comparisons.
  • Existing neuropsychological assessments lack direct comparison capabilities for memory processes and stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the utility of a novel tablet-based paired-associate learning paradigm, the Pair Test, for children aged 8-18.
  • To examine the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of the Pair Test for assessing memory and learning.
  • To capture developmental changes in memory and learning functions across childhood and adolescence.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a tablet-based paired-associate learning paradigm (Pair Test) based on neurocognitive models.
  • Administered the Pair Test to 130 typically developing children aged 8-18 years.
  • Assessed convergent validity, test-retest reliability, and reproducibility over a 14-month interval.

Main Results:

  • The Pair Test demonstrated adequate convergent validity and superior reliability compared to standardized measures.
  • Moderate test-retest reproducibility was observed, even with a 14-month interval.
  • The test successfully captured developmental memory changes and provided age-stratified normative data for verbal and non-verbal memory.

Conclusions:

  • The Pair Test is a novel, standardized tool for assessing learning and memory across childhood and adolescence.
  • It provides comprehensive measures of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval, useful for healthy development and identifying deficits in pediatric patients.
  • Normative data enable the determination of learning and memory status and aid in identifying mnemonic function impairments.