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Updated: Dec 9, 2025
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Published on: December 21, 2019
Incidental Detection of a Small Cell Lung Cancer by 18F-Choline PET/CT Performed for Recurrent Hyperparathyroidism
Nicolas Jacquet-Francillon1, Denise Granjon1, François Casteillo2
1From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine.
Abstract:
We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with musculoskeletal pain and elevated serum parathyroid hormone who had undergone parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism 4 years earlier. An 18F-choline PET/CT scan was performed and incidentally showed an intense uptake in a right upper lobe pulmonary nodule and in the right hilar, mediastinal, and cervical lymph nodes. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a small cell lung cancer. Clinical symptoms and recurrent hyperparathyroidism were therefore consistent with a paraneoplastic syndrome. A complete metabolic response was achieved on 18F-FDG PET/CT scan after chemotherapy.
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