Flow cytometry in genitourinary malignancies using paraffin-embedded material

This review summarizes the current state of flow cytometric analysis of GU neoplasms using paraffin-embedded materials. Future investigation using this method should take advantage of the ability to examine laboriously generated clinical series retrospectively. It will be important for investigators to control for covariance of all other clinical parameters with multivariate analysis. In addition, patient groups preferably should be clearly and somewhat narrowly defined, and uniformly treated. From carefully performed studies we may learn ways in which flow cytometric measurements may be used to prognosticate with greater precision, and to more objectively stratify patients to appropriate treatments.