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Echinococcus strains in Europe: a review.

J Eckert¹, R C Thompson

¹Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Tropical Medicine and Parasitology : Official Organ of Deutsche Tropenmedizinische Gesellschaft and of Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)

|March 1, 1988

Summary

This study details Echinococcus granulosus strains in Europe, noting distinct dog/host cycles. Some strains, like Echinococcus multilocularis and the northern form, are confirmed human infectors.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Parasitology
Zoonotic Diseases
Epidemiology

Background:

Several Echinococcus granulosus host assemblages (dog/sheep, dog/horse, dog/cattle, dog/pig, dog/reindeer) are documented in Europe.
These assemblages involve distinct parasite strains with varying epidemiological relevance.
Echinococcus multilocularis also shows potential intraspecific variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the known final/intermediate host assemblages of Echinococcus granulosus in Europe.
To discuss epidemiological aspects of intraspecific variations and strain characteristics within Echinococcus granulosus.
To clarify the infectivity of different Echinococcus strains to humans.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe.
Identification and characterization of parasite strains based on host assemblages.
Assessment of epidemiological data related to intraspecific variations.

Main Results:

Five main host assemblages for Echinococcus granulosus were identified in European countries.
Parasites from dog/sheep, dog/horse, dog/cattle, and dog/pig cycles were identified as distinct strains.
Echinococcus multilocularis, the dog/sheep strain, and the "northern form" of E. granulosus are confirmed as infective to humans.

Conclusions:

Echinococcus granulosus exhibits significant intraspecific variability in Europe, with distinct strains identified.
The infectivity of several Echinococcus granulosus strains to humans remains to be fully elucidated.
Understanding strain-specific epidemiology is crucial for controlling echinococcosis transmission.

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