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The evolution of selective primary health care
1Rockefeller Foundation, New York City, NY 10036.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Selective primary health care (SPHC) evolved from a 1979 concept to include broader sectors like education and agriculture. This approach, alongside comprehensive primary health care (CPHC), offers a flexible strategy for global health development.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Health Policy
- Public Health Interventions
Background:
- The selective primary health care (SPHC) concept emerged in 1979, sparking debate with comprehensive primary health care (CPHC).
- UNICEF's "Children's Revolution" (1982/83) advanced SPHC with key interventions: growth monitoring, oral rehydration therapy, breastfeeding, and immunization.
- The "Good Health at Low Cost" conference (1985) further explored prioritized health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To trace the historical evolution of the selective primary health care (SPHC) concept.
- To review the debate between SPHC and comprehensive primary health care (CPHC).
- To analyze factors contributing to successful health development strategies.
Main Methods:
- Historical analysis of the SPHC concept's development and key conferences.
- Review of the SPHC vs. CPHC debate.
- Case study analysis of successful health interventions in Costa Rica, China, Kerala, and Sri Lanka.
Main Results:
- SPHC has evolved significantly, expanding beyond individual diseases to encompass broader sectors like education and agriculture.
- Case studies identified key measures for achieving good health at a low cost.
- The paper suggests SPHC and CPHC are not mutually exclusive and can be complementary.
Conclusions:
- Both selective primary health care (SPHC) and comprehensive primary health care (CPHC) are acceptable and can be integrated.
- Technological advancements play a role in health improvement.
- Future research should focus on strengthening national capabilities and exploring developmental processes in health.
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