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Related Concept Videos

Transient and Steady-state Response01:24

Transient and Steady-state Response

430
In control systems, test signals are essential for evaluating performance under various conditions. The ramp function is effective for systems undergoing gradual changes, while the step function is suitable for assessing systems facing sudden disturbances. For systems subjected to shock inputs, the impulse function is the most appropriate test signal.
These test signals are integral in designing control systems to exhibit two key performance aspects: transient response and steady-state...
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Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Transient Effect at the Onset of Human Running.

Christian Weich1, Manfred M Vieten1, Randall L Jensen2

  • 1Sports Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.

Biosensors
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Runners often experience an initial unsteady feeling, the transient effect, which disappears as they find their rhythm. This study quantizes this common running phenomenon, finding it in most athletes.

Keywords:
accelerometerattractor methodkinematics of human cyclic motionmotion analysistransient effect

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Human Motion Analysis

Background:

  • Athletes commonly report an initial unsteady sensation during running.
  • This transient effect typically resolves as runners establish their pace.
  • Quantifying this phenomenon is crucial for understanding early-stage running dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect and quantify the transient effect in runners.
  • To establish a methodological basis for analyzing this sensation.
  • To explore potential correlations with performance metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D acceleration data from MEMS sensors on lower limbs.
  • Applied attractor method and Fourier transforms for signal analysis.
  • Collected data from 30 athletes over two 60-minute treadmill sessions.

Main Results:

  • A substantial transient effect was detected in 81% of runs.
  • The average duration of the transient effect was 5.25 minutes (range: <1 to 31 minutes).
  • No significant correlation found between the transient effect and running level, experience, or training volume.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a reliable method to detect and quantify the transient effect in moderate-speed running.
  • The transient effect is a prevalent phenomenon in runners.
  • Further research incorporating physical and metabolic data is needed to understand its performance impact.