Potential Cardio-Protective Agents: A Resveratrol Review (2000-2019)

With a 2030 projection of 23.6 million deaths per year, the prevalence and severity of cardiovascular disease are astoundingly high. Thus, there is a definitive need for the identification of novel compounds with the potential to prevent or treat the disease and associated states. Moreover, there is also an ever-increasing need for drug delivery systems (DDS) that cope with poor and ranging physiochemical properties of therapeutic compounds to achieve the clinical effect. The usage of resveratrol (RES) is a growing area of interest with innumerate pieces of research, evidencing the drug's efficacy. This drug is, however, marred; its notably poor physiochemical properties (namely poor water solubility) limit its use for oral drug delivery. RES analogues, however, potentially possess superior physiochemical characteristics offering a remedy for the aforementioned drawback. However, particulate based DDS are equally able to offer property amelioration and targeting. This review offers an extensive examination into the role of RES as a potential cardioprotective agent. The prevalence and suitability of associated analogues and the role of nanotechnology in overcoming physicochemical boundaries, particularly through the development of nanoparticulate formulations, will be discussed in detail.