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Is a new structurally dispossessed class developing in the United States?
Thomas A Hirschl1, George A Spisak1
1Department of Global Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
The British Journal of Sociology
|September 11, 2020
Summary
A new class, defined by not being in the labor force (NILF) and income below poverty, is not growing in size but is becoming more diverse. This diverse group shows political activity and varied state transfer reliance.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Political Science
- Economics
Background:
- The concept of a "structurally dispossessed class" is explored.
- This class is defined by being not in the labor force (NILF) and having family income below the poverty line.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the development of a new, structurally dispossessed class in the United States.
- To assess if this class is increasing in size and diversity over time.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Current Population Survey data from 1968 to 2018.
- Defined class development by increasing size and demographic diversity.
- Analyzed political participation and state transfer recipiency.
Main Results:
- The proposition of a new class developing was partially rejected, as size did not increase.
- Evidence supported increasing diversity within the NILF/impoverished group.
- New demographics, including men, Hispanics, college graduates, and young adults, joined this group.
- This group demonstrated electoral participation and varied state transfer trends.
- No increased likelihood of voting for a populist candidate in 2016 was found.
Conclusions:
- While not growing in size, the NILF/impoverished demographic is diversifying.
- This group exhibits political engagement and fluctuating reliance on state transfers.
- The potential for this group to form new political opposition to capital is considered.
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