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Primary cardiac tumors.

H J Van de Wal1, W M Fritschy, S H Skotnicki

  • 1Department Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Sint Radboud University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Acta Chirurgica Belgica
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Surgical resection of cardiac tumors, particularly myxoma, offers excellent long-term outcomes. Malignant cardiac tumors have a poor prognosis, even with palliative surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary cardiac tumors are rare, with myxomas being the most common type.
  • Symptoms vary widely and can include heart failure, arrhythmias, and constitutional symptoms.
  • Diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the surgical outcomes for primary cardiac tumors.
  • To compare the prognosis of benign versus malignant cardiac tumors.
  • To establish guidelines for surgical intervention in cardiac malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 9 patients (3 male, 6 female) aged 13-69 years who underwent surgery for primary cardiac tumors between 1970 and 1986.
  • Tumor types included 6 left atrial myxomas, 1 lipofibroma, 1 lymphosarcoma, and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma.

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  • All patients were operated on using extracorporeal circulation.

    • Main Results:

    • One patient with extensive tumor growth died intraoperatively.
    • All patients with malignant cardiac tumors died within 3 months post-operatively.
    • Patients with myxoma or lipofibroma survived with excellent long-term results (median follow-up 7 years, up to 13 years), remaining asymptomatic.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiac myxomas should be resected promptly due to the risk of debilitating or lethal embolic complications, with low operative risk and excellent long-term results.
    • Malignant cardiac tumors have a very poor prognosis, with palliative resection offering limited benefit.
    • Surgical intervention for cardiac malignancy is questionable unless obstruction is present, even with biopsy confirmation.