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Related Concept Videos

Uterine Tubes01:16

Uterine Tubes

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The uterine or fallopian tubes function as the conduit through which oocytes travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Each fallopian tube measures approximately 10 to 13 cm long and is anatomically divided into the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial part (or intramural segment). The infundibulum is characterized by its funnel shape and features extensions called fimbriae which reach towards the peritoneal cavity. These fimbriae play a critical role during ovulation as they extend...
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Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
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Ovaries01:26

Ovaries

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The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
On the ovarian surface, a layer of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Tubal Cytology of the Fallopian Tube as a Promising Tool for Ovarian Cancer Early Detection
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Increase of fallopian tube and decrease of ovarian carcinoma: fact or fake?

Anne Kathrin Höhn1, Sabine Klagges2, Albrecht Gläser2

  • 1Division of Breast Gynecologic and Perinatal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 26, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

High-grade serous carcinoma (HG-SC) incidence is shifting from the ovary to the fallopian tube. This change reflects improved diagnostic criteria and reclassification of tumors, impacting ovarian and tubal cancer statistics.

Keywords:
AssignmentCarcinomaFallopian tubeFrequencyIncidenceOvaryPelvicSTICSite of origin

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

  • Accurate classification of extrauterine high-grade serous carcinoma (HG-SC) is crucial for treatment, prognosis, and research.
  • HG-SC can originate from the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum, often presenting with advanced disease and poor outcomes.
  • Recent trends indicate a potential rise in HG-SC originating from the fallopian tube.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in the origin of non-uterine pelvic carcinomas over time.
  • To compare the frequency of different sites of origin across various histologic subtypes.
  • To investigate the impact of evolving diagnostic criteria on cancer site attribution.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of surgically treated non-uterine pelvic carcinomas from the Clinical Cancer Registry of Leipzig.
  • Classification of tumors based on histology into high-grade serous and non-high-grade serous subtypes.
  • Stratification of data into three distinct time periods based on the assessment of the tumor's site of origin.

Main Results:

  • High-grade serous carcinomas constituted the majority (57.9%) of cases analyzed.
  • A significant shift was observed between 2000 and 2019: a 1.7-fold decrease in ovarian carcinomas and a 10.3-fold increase in tubal carcinomas.
  • Specifically for HG-SC, there was a 2.1-fold decrease in ovarian origin and a 7.1-fold increase in tubal origin, while non-high-grade serous tumors showed no change in origin frequency.

Conclusions:

  • The observed increase in tubal carcinomas and decrease in ovarian carcinomas is likely due to reclassification based on new evidence.
  • Morphologic and molecular data increasingly support the fallopian tube (via precursor serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma) as the primary origin for most non-uterine HG-SC.
  • These findings necessitate adjustments in the handling and reporting of non-uterine pelvic surgical specimens and the assessment of tumor origin.