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Gender, Stereotypes, and Trust in Communication.

Eric Schniter1,2, Timothy W Shields3,4

  • 1Economic Science Institute, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA. eschniter@gmail.com.

Human Nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Gender stereotypes influence trust and honesty in communication. While people initially discriminate based on gender, experience recalibrates these stereotypes, improving accuracy and reducing bias in trust-based interactions.

Keywords:
DiscriminationGenderStereotypeStrategic communicationTrust

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Cross-cultural studies suggest gender differences in dishonesty and mistrust.
  • Stereotypes often portray females as more trustworthy and trusting than males.
  • Trust-based communication involves decisions on honest information delivery and trusting received information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between gender, gender stereotypes, and discriminatory lies and challenges in strategic communication.
  • To investigate how individuals make decisions about delivering and trusting private information based on gender.
  • To understand the recalibration of gender stereotypes through experience in trust-based interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory experiments modeling trust-based strategic communication and response.
  • Incentivized stereotype elicitation tasks to assess expectations of lies and challenges from each gender.
  • Strategic communication interactions within and between genders with a student sample (N=80).

Main Results:

  • Both genders initially stereotyped females as more trustworthy and trusting than males.
  • Participants discriminated in accepting or challenging messages based on sender's gender, aligning with stereotypes.
  • No significant differences were found in overall rates of lies and challenges between genders.
  • Post-interaction stereotype revisions led to increased predictive accuracy and reduced gender-based discrimination.

Conclusions:

  • Gender stereotypes influence trust-based communication, affecting information delivery and trust.
  • Despite initial stereotype-driven discrimination, actual behavior showed no gender differences in dishonesty or challenges.
  • Experience and interaction effectively recalibrate gender stereotypes, enhancing accuracy in trust-based communication.