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Reference Frames Which Separately Store Noncommuting Conserved Quantities.

Sandu Popescu1, Ana Belén Sainz2,3, Anthony J Short1

  • 1H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers show that noncommuting conserved quantities, like angular momentum components (Sx, Sy, Sz), can be separated within a reference frame, acting as distinct energy "batteries." This has implications for quantum thermodynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Angular momentum

Background:

  • Conservation laws permit system transformations via reference frames.
  • Conserved quantities can be exchanged between systems and reference frames.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the separation of conserved quantities within a reference frame.
  • To determine if distinct parts of a reference frame can act as "batteries" for specific conserved quantities.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of transformations on systems with reference frames.
  • Analysis of systems composed of spin-1/2 particles.
  • Mathematical derivation and extension of results.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that components of angular momentum (Sx, Sy, Sz) in spin-1/2 systems can be separated within a reference frame.
  • Showed these separated components can function as distinct "batteries" for each quantity.
  • Provided extensions of this separation principle.

Conclusions:

  • The separation of noncommuting conserved quantities is possible within reference frames.
  • This separation is crucial for understanding quantum thermodynamics involving noncommuting quantities.