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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
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Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:28

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview

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Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...
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Biopharmaceutical Factors Influencing Drug Product Design: Overview01:22

Biopharmaceutical Factors Influencing Drug Product Design: Overview

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Rational drug product design integrates knowledge of the drug’s physicochemical properties, formulation components, manufacturing techniques, and intended route of administration. Each factor influences the drug’s performance, including how it is released, absorbed, and eliminated in the body.The physicochemical properties of a drug—such as solubility, stability, and particle size—affect its compatibility with excipients and the choice of dosage form. Excipients, though...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
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Contemporary Formulation Development for Inhaled Pharmaceuticals.

Tomás Sou1, Christel A S Bergström2

  • 1Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Pharmacometrics, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary drug delivery offers targeted treatment for respiratory and systemic conditions. Advanced computational modeling and simulation are key to overcoming challenges in developing effective inhaled formulations and bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical studies.

Keywords:
FormulationInhalationIn vitro/in vivo (IVIVC) correlation(s)Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modellingPharmacometricsPreclinical pharmacokineticsPulmonary drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Pulmonary drug delivery is increasingly important for both respiratory and systemic conditions.
  • The lung's unique physiology facilitates rapid drug absorption for targeted or systemic effects.
  • Current inhaled formulation development faces challenges, particularly in establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review fundamental concepts in pulmonary drug delivery and inhaled formulation development.
  • To discuss challenges and opportunities in translating inhaled pharmaceuticals from preclinical to clinical stages.
  • To highlight the role of computational modeling and simulation in advancing inhaled product development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pulmonary drug delivery principles and formulation strategies.
  • Analysis of challenges in preclinical to clinical translation for inhaled products.
  • Exploration of computational modeling and simulation techniques relevant to inhaled formulations.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary delivery enables targeted local action and efficient systemic drug entry.
  • Significant advancements in inhaled formulation technology exist, yet key knowledge gaps remain.
  • Computational modeling offers substantial potential to optimize inhaled formulation development and predict performance.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary drug delivery presents a promising route for various therapeutic applications.
  • Establishing robust in vitro-in vivo correlations is crucial for reliable inhaled product development.
  • Modeling and simulation approaches are poised to become indispensable tools in modern inhaled pharmaceutical development.