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The ABI4-RbohD/VTC2 regulatory module promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation to decrease seed

Xiaofeng Luo1,2, Yujia Dai1,2, Chuan Zheng1,2

  • 1School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710012, China.

The New Phytologist
|September 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Salinity stress impacts seed germination by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) via ABI4 regulation of RbohD. This ABI4-RbohD/VTC2 module controls ROS metabolism and cell integrity, ultimately inhibiting germination under salt stress.

Keywords:
ABI4ROSRbohDsaltseed germinationtranscription factor

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Salinity stress elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) by upregulating NADPH oxidase genes like RbohD, affecting plant development, including seed germination.
  • The precise mechanisms by which salinity triggers ROS-metabolism genes and inhibits seed germination remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of Abscisic Acid-Insensitive 4 (ABI4) in modulating ROS metabolism and seed germination under salinity stress.
  • To investigate the interaction between ABI4, RbohD (ROS production), and VTC2 (ROS scavenging) in plant responses to salt stress.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression and protein interactions involving ABI4, RbohD, and VTC2 under salinity conditions.
  • Utilizing genetic mutants (rbohd, abi4/vtc2) to assess the genetic hierarchy and functional relationships between these key genes.
  • Phenotypic evaluation of seed germination and vigor under salt stress in wild-type and mutant lines.

Main Results:

  • Salinity-induced ABI4 directly binds to the RbohD promoter, enhancing its expression and leading to increased ROS accumulation.
  • Overexpression of ABI4 resulted in salt hypersensitivity, which was largely rescued by the rbohd mutation.
  • The abi4/vtc2 double mutant exhibited salt sensitivity comparable to the vtc2 mutant, indicating RbohD and VTC2 are genetically downstream of ABI4.

Conclusions:

  • ABI4 acts as a crucial regulator of salt-induced RbohD transcription and subsequent ROS accumulation during seed germination.
  • The ABI4-RbohD/VTC2 regulatory module integrates ROS metabolism and cell membrane integrity to control seed germination under salinity stress.
  • This study reveals a novel molecular pathway by which plants perceive and respond to salinity stress at the germination stage.