Lead Health Fairs: A Community-Based Approach to Addressing Lead Exposure in Chicago

Lead exposure has been linked to neurological, reproductive, and developmental effects, and approximately 3.5% of Chicago children under the age of 3 years have elevated blood lead levels. The aim of this research was to provide outreach opportunities to address the issue of lead exposure in water and soil. A series of seven community-based health fairs were held with a combined approach of screening and education accomplished through partnerships with organizations established within underserved communities that leveraged resources. Community members attending the fairs brought in samples of soil from their yards and tap water for lead testing. Lead concentrations in the soil samples had a mean value of 305.7 parts per million, and 30% of the samples were above the Environmental Protection Agency's action level for children's play lots. The mean lead concentration in tap water was 8.3 parts per billion, with 6% of sample testing above the Environmental Protection Agency's action level. There was no significant correlation between the lead levels in water and soil (p = .21), and there was no significant difference between the average lead concentrations in different areas of the city. A multifaceted approach was utilized to educate and engage and ultimately empower the communities affected by exposure to lead in urban settings.