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Review: Other Helicobacter species.

Annemieke Smet1,2, Armelle Menard3,4

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Helicobacter
|September 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review highlights recent advances in non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH) research. Key findings include new insights into NHPH in humans and animals, pathogenicity, and the clinical relevance of gastric NHPH infections.

Keywords:
animal diseaseanimal modelsgenomics and evolutionhuman diseasenon-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacterpathogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) species are increasingly recognized pathogens.
  • Understanding their prevalence, pathogenicity, and host interactions is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest literature on NHPH published between April 2019 and April 2020.
  • To summarize new findings on NHPH in humans and animals, animal models, pathogenicity, and omics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications.
  • Analysis of studies on NHPH presence, animal models, and pathogenicity.
  • Inclusion of omics approaches for taxonomic and transcriptomic insights.

Main Results:

  • Established Cynomolgus macaques as the ancestral source of pig-associated Helicobacter suis.
  • Described three novel Helicobacter species from red foxes and proposed two new enterohepatic species.
  • Highlighted the clinical relevance of gastric NHPH infections and proposed long-term antibiotic therapies for H. cinaedi.
  • Elucidated NHPH disease mechanisms and immune responses in rodent models.
  • Utilized omics to support taxonomy and reveal transcriptomic signatures of H. suis and H. heilmannii.

Conclusions:

  • Recent research has significantly advanced our understanding of NHPH.
  • NHPH species represent a growing area of clinical and research interest.
  • Further investigation into NHPH pathogenicity and host interactions is warranted.