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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Cognitive task-related functional connectivity alterations in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Ondřej Strýček1, Martin Lamoš2, Petr Klimeš3

  • 1First Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brain and Mind Research Program, Brno, Czech Republic.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|September 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) alters brain connectivity, especially in the left hemisphere. Compensatory mechanisms mitigate cognitive impacts, being stronger in right TLE patients, suggesting differing disease severity.

Keywords:
Cognitive networkFunctional connectivityHigh-density EEGTemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epilepsy Research
  • Cognitive Neurology

Background:

  • Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological disorder.
  • Understanding cognitive impacts and brain network alterations in TLE is crucial.
  • The role of large-scale brain networks in TLE remains an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive task-related functional connectivity (FC) in patients with TLE.
  • To examine the impact of TLE on large-scale brain networks outside the temporal lobe.
  • To explore compensatory mechanisms in TLE using neuropsychological data.

Main Methods:

  • High-density electroencephalography (EEG) recorded during a visual three-stimulus paradigm (VTSP).
  • Source space reconstruction of scalp EEG data and computation of functional connectivity (FC).
  • Correlation of FC data with neuropsychological assessments in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and healthy controls (HCs).

Main Results:

  • Significant alterations in FC were observed in regions outside the epileptogenic zone, notably within the attentional network.
  • These connectivity changes were more extensive in patients with left TLE (LTLE) compared to right TLE (RTLE).
  • No significant differences in task performance (accuracy, response time) were found between TLE patients and HCs, indicating compensatory mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • LTLE appears to be a more pervasive form of the disease with widespread network alterations.
  • Compensatory mechanisms effectively reduce the impact of epilepsy on cognitive functions, particularly in RTLE.
  • Maladaptive mechanisms may be present in LTLE, contributing to its more severe presentation.