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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

131
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
131
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

115
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
115
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

131
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
131
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

120
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
120
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

159
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
159
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

97
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
97

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.8K

Proactive inter-disciplinary CME to improve medication management in the elderly population.

S Traina1, L G Armando2, A Diarassouba3

  • 1Drug Science and Technology Department, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy.

Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP
|September 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Collaboration between healthcare professionals, supported by a clinical decision support system (CDSS), improved medication management for elderly patients. This continuing medical education (CME) initiative reduced potentially inappropriate prescriptions and drug-drug interactions in polytherapies.

Keywords:
CDSSCMEElderlyInter-disciplinaryMedication managementPharmacist-led medication reconciliation

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 9, 2025

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Pharmacology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Lack of collaboration among health professionals negatively impacts prescription quality, particularly for elderly patients with polytherapies.
  • Elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions often face challenges with medication adherence and polypharmacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance medication adherence in elderly patients with multiple diseases through interpersonal continuing medical education (CME).
  • To improve the management of chronic therapies and de-prescription awareness among general practitioners (GPs).

Main Methods:

  • Hospital pharmacists (HPs) and university pharmacists delivered face-to-face CME to GPs.
  • Therapy reconciliation and Illustrated Therapy Schedules (ITS) were utilized.
  • A clinical decision support system (CDSS - NavFarma©) assessed polytherapies for appropriateness (Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions - PIPs using 2019 Beers Criteria) and drug-drug interactions (DDIs).

Main Results:

  • 215 elderly patients (average age 76.4) were enrolled.
  • An average of 2.5 PIPs and 2.1 DDIs per patient were identified.
  • 12.9% of identified DDIs were resolved due to the CME intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Interprofessional collaboration, facilitated by a CDSS, enhances the quality of polytherapies for elderly patients.
  • Clinician engagement in CME is crucial for improving quality, safety, professionalism, and communication in healthcare processes.