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Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
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Corneal fibroblasts: Function and markers.

Ken Fukuda1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Oko-cho, Nankoku City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.

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|September 13, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Corneal fibroblasts, activated keratocytes, sense injury and infection, triggering inflammation. Targeting their function may prevent corneal scarring and vision loss.

Keywords:
Corneal fibroblastInfectionInflammationInjury

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Corneal stromal keratocytes maintain corneal transparency and shape.
  • These cells activate into fibroblasts upon injury, sensing external stimuli.
  • Activated corneal fibroblasts orchestrate inflammatory cell recruitment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of corneal fibroblasts in corneal pathology.
  • To explore the potential of targeting corneal fibroblast function therapeutically.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews the known functions and responses of corneal fibroblasts.
  • It analyzes their role in sensing damage-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
  • The research examines their interaction with inflammatory mediators and their distinction between inflammation types.

Main Results:

  • Corneal fibroblasts act as sentinel cells, responding to diverse stimuli.
  • Their activation influences inflammatory cell recruitment and corneal damage.
  • They contribute to infectious keratitis and allergic eye disease pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal fibroblasts play a critical role in corneal inflammation and damage.
  • Targeting corneal fibroblast function offers a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing corneal scarring and vision impairment.