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Does depression increase the risk of dementia? Updated meta-analysis of prospective studies
Javier Santabárbara1, Beatriz Villagrasa, Patricia Gracia-García2
1Departamento de Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Madrid, España Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, IIS-Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
Background:
Our primary aim was to conduct an update meta-analysis of prospective studies investigating the association between depression and dementia risk.
Methods:
We searched Pubmed database to identify all relevant papers published from January 2014 to March 2019. Prospective studies with a minimum follow-up period of 1 year, baseline depression assessment, absence of dementia or mild cognitive impairment at baseline were selected. We calculated pooled relative risks (RR), with a random effect model, as well as compute population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia due to depression.
Results:
Eight cohorts were included. A statistically significant association between depression and dementia risk, with a pooled RR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.30-2.04), and a PAF of 9.0% (95% CI: 4.5%-14.1%), were found.
Conclusions:
Depression is associated with an increased risk of dementia in this meta-analysis.
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