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Published on: September 26, 2018
Cardiovascular system is at higher risk of affecting by COVID-19
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi1, Arash Heidari2, Narges Shakerian3
1. ariang20@gmail.com.
Insights
Individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) face severe COVID-19 outcomes and relapse risks. SARS-CoV-2 may trigger long-term inflammatory and cardiac issues, similar to SARS-CoV-1 recovery.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- SARS-CoV-2 infection poses significant risks for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Patients with CVD and COVID-19 experience more severe illness, prolonged hospitalization, and higher relapse rates.
- The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its cell surface receptor, which is also present on cardiac cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the heightened vulnerability of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) to severe SARS-CoV-2 manifestations.
- To investigate the potential for long-term chronic inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiac sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection in CVD patients.
- To highlight the need for further research into COVID-19 recurrence and preventative strategies for chronic conditions in this population.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on SARS-CoV-2 and cardiovascular disease interactions.
- Analysis of the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression in cardiac cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Comparative analysis with outcomes observed in patients who recovered from SARS-CoV-1.
Main Results:
- Patients with underlying CVD are more susceptible to severe SARS-CoV-2 illness and complications.
- Aberrant ACE2 expression, influenced by medications like ACE inhibitors and ARBs, may contribute to disease severity.
- Structural similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 suggest a potential for similar long-term health risks post-recovery.
Conclusions:
- SARS-CoV-2 poses a substantial threat to individuals with cardiovascular disease, increasing risks of severe illness and relapse.
- Concerns exist regarding the long-term development of inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiac diseases in COVID-19 survivors with CVD.
- Further research is crucial to understand COVID-19 recurrence probability and to develop preventive measures for chronic conditions in CVD patients post-COVID-19.
Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 has shown its potential to cause severe manifestations among individuals with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). The patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with pre-existing CVD are more likely to relapse. There are several reasons, including the prolonged hospitalization time as a consequence of their more severe illness and aberrant expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) - the cell surface receptor of SARS-COV2 that is present on cardiac cells - and using drugs such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) that alter the expression of ACE2. Besides, SARS-CoV-2 shares structural similarities with SARS-CoV-1, and that patients recovered from SARS-CoV1 have shown an increased risk of developing inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiac diseases. It makes some concerns that people who recovered from SARS-CoV2 are also liable to develop these chronic conditions later. Further studies should investigate the probability of recurrence of COVID-19 in patients with CVD and the development of approaches for the prevention of chronic inflammatory conditions in patients with CVD who recovered from COVID-19.
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