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Chemical and Structural Changes in Corn Stover After Ensiling: Influence on Bioconversion.

Nick J Nagle1, Bryon S Donohoe1, Edward J Wolfrum1

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Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|September 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ensiling corn stover for biofuel production caused minor losses in structural carbohydrates but did not alter bioconversion requirements. Subtle ultrastructural changes suggest alternative pretreatment methods may be more effective for ensiled biomass.

Keywords:
bioconversionbioproductsensilingethanolfeedstock logisticspretreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass feedstock characterization
  • Sustainable biofuel production
  • Lignocellulosic bioconversion

Background:

  • Reliable biomass supply chains are crucial for cost-effective biofuel production.
  • Ensiling is a common method for preserving biomass feedstock.
  • The impact of ensiling on biomass properties for bioconversion is variable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effects of ensiling on lignocellulosic feedstock physicochemical properties.
  • To assess how ensiling influences bioconversion requirements.
  • To investigate structural changes in ensiled biomass at the microscopic level.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of ensiled and non-ensiled corn stover.
  • Analysis of structural carbohydrate content (glucan, xylan).
  • Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis to determine sugar yields.
  • Microscopic analysis (light and electron microscopy) and immunocytochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant decreases in glucan (5%) and xylan (8%) content in ensiled corn stover.
  • No significant difference in sugar yields after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis between ensiled and non-ensiled samples.
  • Electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes in ensiled cell walls, differing from non-ensiled and dilute-acid-pretreated samples.

Conclusions:

  • Ensiling corn stover does not change bioconversion requirements but leads to structural carbohydrate losses.
  • Subtle ultrastructural changes in ensiled biomass suggest potential for alternative conversion methods.
  • Deacetylation and mechanical refining may be more effective for ensiled biomass conversion than traditional pretreatment methods.