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Related Concept Videos

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

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Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
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The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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Microbial Nutrition01:28

Microbial Nutrition

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Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
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Simultaneous nitrification-denitrification by phosphate accumulating microorganisms.

Shivani Shukla1, Ankita Rajta1, Hema Setia1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
|September 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological methods offer a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for removing nitrogen and phosphorous pollutants from wastewater. Utilizing microorganisms, especially immobilized ones, enhances efficiency and reduces environmental impact.

Keywords:
DenitrificationNitrificationPhosphorus accumulating organismsPhosphorus uptakeSimultaneous heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrificationWastewater

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Water Treatment Technologies
  • Bioremediation

Background:

  • Nitrogen and phosphorous are significant inorganic water pollutants, impacting environmental and health conditions.
  • Conventional physical and chemical pollutant removal methods are costly and environmentally harsh.
  • Biological removal offers a sustainable, side-effect-free alternative for pollutant remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the advantages of biological methods for removing nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater.
  • To emphasize the role of microorganisms in simultaneous nutrient removal.
  • To explore the potential of immobilized organisms for enhanced pollutant sequestration.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and utilization of microorganisms for simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification.
  • Employing phosphorous accumulating organisms for dual nutrient removal.
  • Investigating the application of immobilized microbial systems for improved stability and efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Microorganisms can effectively convert ammonium (NH4+) to dinitrogen (N2), simplifying nitrogen sequestration.
  • Phosphorous accumulating organisms provide economic benefits by simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorous.
  • Immobilized organisms show potential for enhancing system stability and pollutant removal efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Biological treatment using specialized microorganisms is a promising approach for wastewater nutrient management.
  • Further research into low-cost substrates and diverse microbial consortia is needed to optimize total contaminant eradication.
  • Immobilized microbial systems warrant further investigation for efficient and stable wastewater treatment.