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Risk factors for coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease
Junyan Duan1, Huanhuan Jiang1, Ming Lu2
1Department of Pediatrics, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
Insights
Male gender, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and delayed intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment are key risk factors for coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). Early intervention is crucial for preventing serious complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Kawasaki disease (KD) is a critical pediatric vasculitis.
- Coronary artery lesions (CAL) represent its most severe complication.
- Identifying risk factors for CAL is vital for timely management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors associated with the development of CAL in children diagnosed with KD.
- To analyze the correlation between various clinical and laboratory parameters and CAL incidence.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 982 KD patients hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2017.
- Utilized univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess risk factors.
- Cardiac color Doppler ultrasonography used for CAL diagnosis.
Main Results:
- The incidence of CAL was 10.6% (104/982).
- Significant differences observed in gender, ESR, platelet count, IVIG timing, and fever duration between CAL and no-CAL groups.
- Male gender, elevated ESR, and delayed IVIG initiation emerged as independent risk factors for CAL.
Conclusions:
- Male gender, increased ESR, and delayed IVIG administration are significant independent risk factors for developing CAL in KD patients.
- These findings underscore the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to mitigate cardiovascular complications.
Introduction:
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a nonspecific systemic vasculitic disease that frequently occurs among children, and coronary artery lesion (CAL) is the most serious complication.
Objectives:
We aimed to study the risk factors for CAL in children with KD.
Materials And Methods:
KD children in accordance with diagnostic criteria, who were hospitalized from January 2014 to December 2017, were selected as subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between CAL and gender, age, clinical diagnosis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet count, hemoglobin level, C reactive protein level, white blood cell count, initiation time of IVIG administration and duration of fever.
Results:
The enrolled 982 KD children were divided into a CAL group (n = 104) and an NCAL group (n = 878) according to cardiac color Doppler ultrasonography. The incidence rate of CAL was 10.6 % (104/982). Univariate analysis showed that the two groups had significantly different gender, ESR, platelet count, initiation time of IVIG administration and duration of fever (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, elevated ESR and delayed use of IVIG were independent risk factors for KD complicated with CAL.
Conclusions:
Male gender, increased ESR and delayed use of IVIG were independent risk factors for KD complicated with CAL.
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