Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Response profile and long-term outcomes in Cyclin D1-overexpressing multiple myeloma: insights from the CASSIOPEIA trial.

Blood cancer journal·2026

Same author

Plain language summary of publication of how long people with relapsed multiple myeloma lived after treatment in the IKEMA study: Isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone.

Future oncology (London, England)·2026

Same author

Current positioning and future development of belantamab mafodotin and other antibody-drug conjugates to treat multiple myeloma.

Frontiers in oncology·2026

Same author

Minimally invasive characterization of peripheral blood measurable residual disease in multiple myeloma using high-sensitivity detection of ctDNA by next-generation sequencing.

HemaSphere·2026

Same author

A plain language summary describing how talquetamab affects the way people with multiple myeloma feel and function in the MonumenTAL-1 study.

Future oncology (London, England)·2026

Same author

Talquetamab-Daratumumab in Relapsed or Refractory Myeloma.

The New England journal of medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion PHP with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion PHP with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Published on: July 31, 2016

Melflufen for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.

Albert Oriol¹, Alessandra Larocca², Xavier Leleu³

¹Institut Josep Carreras and Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona, Spain.

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs

|September 14, 2020

Summary

Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen) shows promise for treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. This novel peptide-drug conjugate offers a new mechanism of action and a manageable safety profile for patients with limited options.

Keywords:

Melflufen melphalan flufenamide relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

More Related Videos

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Published on: December 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion PHP with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion PHP with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Published on: July 31, 2016

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Published on: December 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Pharmacology

Background:

Multiple myeloma survival has improved but remains incurable.
Novel agents are increasingly used, creating a need for new mechanisms of action in refractory disease.
Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen) shows activity in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanism of action of melflufen.
To summarize clinical trial data for melflufen in combination therapies.
To describe the safety profile of melflufen.

Main Methods:

Review of melflufen's mechanism as a peptide-drug conjugate.
Analysis of Phase I and II clinical trial data.
Evaluation of safety data, focusing on adverse events.

Main Results:

Melflufen targets aminopeptidases, delivering alkylating agents to tumor cells.
Clinical trials investigated melflufen with dexamethasone, daratumumab, or bortezomib.
The safety profile is mainly characterized by manageable hematologic adverse events.

Conclusions:

Melflufen offers a new mechanism of action for multiple myeloma treatment.
It demonstrates clinically meaningful efficacy in patients refractory to multiple novel agents.
Melflufen presents a favorable safety profile, addressing an unmet medical need.