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Artificial Intelligence-Based Conversational Agents for Chronic Conditions: Systematic Literature Review
Theresa Schachner1, Roman Keller1,2, Florian V Wangenheim1,2
1Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|September 14, 2020
Summary
AI-powered chatbots offer promising support for chronic disease patients, but the field is immature. More research is needed for standardized evaluation and comparison of these artificial intelligence tools.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
- Health Informatics
Background:
- Conversational agents powered by artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly used in healthcare.
- These AI-based chatbots provide education and support for patients managing chronic diseases.
- AI enables more frequent and effective patient interactions for chronic condition management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review AI-based conversational agents for chronic diseases.
- To analyze their characteristics, targeted health conditions, and AI architectures.
- To identify current trends and gaps in the research literature.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review across multiple databases (PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE, etc.).
- Search strategy using terms like "conversational agent," "healthcare," and "artificial intelligence."
- Inclusion of primary research studies on chronic disease prevention, treatment, or rehabilitation using AI agents.
Main Results:
- Only 10 studies met inclusion criteria from 2052 articles, indicating field immaturity.
- Most studies featured quasi-experimental designs and prototype chatbots using natural language processing.
- Chatbots addressed diverse chronic diseases, but lacked standardized evaluation and comparison across conditions.
Conclusions:
- The literature on AI chatbots for chronic conditions is limited, with many prototypes in early development stages.
- Future research should focus on evidence-based evaluations and standardized comparisons of AI agents.
- Structured development and evaluation are crucial for enhancing chatbot quality and patient impact.
Keywords:
artificial intelligencechatbotschronic diseasesconversational agentshealthcaresystematic literature reviewMore Related Videos
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