Using Stretchable PPy@PVA Composites as a High-Sensitivity Strain Sensor To Monitor Minute Motion

With the rapid development of flexible and wearable electronic devices, research on high-sensitivity strain sensors has been attracting much attention. Here, glutaraldehyde is used as a cross-linking reagent to precross-link poly(vinyl alcohol); then FeCl₃·6H₂O is added into the precross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) to obtain composite films of FeCl₃@PVA after gelatinization and freeze drying. Elastic conductive films of polypyrrole@poly(vinyl alcohol) (PPy@PVA) are prepared by immersing FeCl₃@PVA into a solution of pyrrole in acetonitrile and water to complete the polymerization in situ. The effects of the concentrations of glutaraldehyde and FeCl₃·6H₂O on the film's structure and properties have been studied in detail; the results show that the strain sensor prepared from the optimized film has excellent stretchability (strain up to 309.5%), mechanical property (tensile strength of 32.8 MPa), and relatively high sensitivity (gauge factor can reach 5.07 under 1.0% strain). It can be used to detect various tiny physiological signals, for example, detecting the number of pulse beats, bending of the knuckles at different frequencies, and recognizing the pronunciation of different words by vocal cord vibration. These good properties mean that this kind of PPy@PVA strain sensor has great application prospects in physiological monitoring.