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Interplay between membrane curvature and the actin cytoskeleton
Michael M Kessels1, Britta Qualmann1
1Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|September 14, 2020
Summary
Plasma membrane curvature and actin cytoskeleton dynamics are crucial for cell shape and function. Their interplay regulates membrane rearrangements, endocytosis, and cellular responses to mechanical stress.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biophysics
Background:
- The plasma membrane's shape is dynamically regulated by proteins and the underlying cytoskeleton.
- Understanding these interactions is key to comprehending cellular processes like endocytosis and mechanical responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding the interplay between plasma membrane curvature and the cortical actin cytoskeleton.
- To explore the roles of this interplay in endocytosis, membrane tension modulation, and cell shaping.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article, synthesizing existing research and conceptual advances.
- It discusses theoretical and experimental findings on protein-lipid interactions and cytoskeletal mechanics.
Main Results:
- Specific protein-membrane interactions define membrane nanodomains for cellular functions.
- Combined forces of membrane shapers and actin cytoskeleton overcome membrane resistance during rearrangements.
- Inhibition of these structures can relieve membrane tension, protecting cells from mechanical damage.
Conclusions:
- The dynamic interplay between plasma membrane curvature and the actin cytoskeleton is fundamental for cellular organization and adaptation.
- This relationship is critical for processes ranging from endocytosis to cellular survival under mechanical stress.
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