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Methicillin-Resistant Macrococcus bohemicus Encoding a Divergent SCCmecB Element.

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Methicillin-resistant Macrococcus bohemicus was identified, carrying the mecB gene on a novel SCCmec element. This finding expands understanding of mecB distribution in Macrococcus species and its genomic context.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Methicillin resistance is a growing concern in staphylococci and related bacteria.
  • Macrococcus species are increasingly recognized for carrying mobile genetic elements associated with resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a methicillin-resistant Macrococcus isolate from canine otitis.
  • To identify the species, antimicrobial resistance determinants, and genomic context of the isolate.
  • To investigate the novel mobile genetic element carrying the methicillin resistance gene.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of the isolate H889678/16/1 using HiSeq technology.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to identify species, resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements.
  • Comparative analysis of the novel SCCmec element and its associated genes.

Main Results:

  • The isolate H889678/16/1 was identified as Macrococcus bohemicus.
  • A novel Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) element, SCCmec_H889678/16/1, carrying the mecB gene was identified.
  • This SCCmec element also contained blaZ and fusC genes and novel ccrA and ccrB recombinase genes, designated ccrAm3 and ccrBm3.
  • This represents the first report of mecB and methicillin resistance in M. bohemicus.

Conclusions:

  • The study describes the first instance of methicillin resistance in Macrococcus bohemicus, mediated by the mecB gene on a novel SCCmec element.
  • The novel SCCmec element and its associated genes (ccrAm3, ccrBm3) are distinct from previously described elements in staphylococci and macrococci.
  • The findings highlight the broader distribution of mecB among Macrococcus species and the potential for gene transfer to more pathogenic Staphylococcus species, emphasizing the need for epidemiological surveillance.