Exercise and immunometabolic regulation in cancer
Graeme J Koelwyn1, Xueqian Zhuang2, Tuomas Tammela2,3
1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Nature Metabolism
|September 15, 2020
Summary
Unhealthy lifestyles like obesity promote cancer by disrupting metabolic and immune balance. Exercise counters this by restoring homeostasis, preventing and inhibiting cancer through metabolic and immune pathways.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Immunology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Obesity and other unhealthy lifestyle factors disrupt organismal homeostasis, accelerating cancer development via metabolic and immunological dysregulation.
- The tumor microenvironment and host physiology are critical in cancer pathogenesis, influenced by lifestyle choices.
- Exercise is a key intervention for maintaining homeostasis and preventing diseases, including cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review how unhealthy lifestyle factors contribute to metabolic and immunological dysregulation driving tumorigenesis.
- To examine host-tissue-tumor microenvironment interactions in cancer development.
- To discuss the mechanisms by which exercise influences distant tissue microenvironments and improves tissue function.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on lifestyle factors, metabolism, immunity, and cancer.
- Analysis of host physiology, tissue, and tumor microenvironment interactions.
- Exploration of exercise's impact on metabolic and immune pathways.
Main Results:
- Unhealthy lifestyles disrupt metabolic and immune systems, promoting cancer.
- Exercise can restore homeostasis and inhibit tumor growth through metabolic and immune modulation.
- Exercise influences distant tissues, enhancing function via metabolic and immune pathways.
Conclusions:
- Lifestyle interventions targeting metabolic and immune health are crucial for cancer prevention and treatment.
- Exercise represents a powerful strategy to counteract lifestyle-induced cancer risks.
- Further research into exercise's translational applications in oncology is warranted.
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