Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

2.9K
The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
2.9K
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

4.2K
The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
4.2K
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

4.3K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
4.3K
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

1.5K
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
1.5K
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

5.0K
The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
5.0K
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

2.6K
The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Dystonia caused by a mutation in the KMT2B gene].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same author

[Parkinson's Disease and Pregnancy. Resolution of The National Society for the Study of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2025
Same author

[Familial hemifacial spasm].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2025
Same author

[Art and creativity in Parkinson's disease: the mysterious effects of dopamine].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2025
Same author

[Tremor-dominant form of Parkinson's disease].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2024
Same author

[Dolichoectasia of the basilar artery caused by cystic medial degeneration, as a cause of neurovascular conflict with damage to the trigeminal, facial and vestibulocochlear nerves].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2023
Same journal

[The role of the cerebellum in the coordination of brain activity and the development of autism spectrum disorders].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same journal

[A clinical case of anxiety-hypochondriacal depression with extensive somatized symptoms in the elderly].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same journal

[De novo variant in the ATP2B2 gene as a cause of neuropsychiatric developmental disorder].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same journal

[Electroencephalographic predictors of olfactory stimulus discrimination in COVID-19 survivors].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same journal

[Effect of long-term carbamazepine therapy on bone metabolism in women with epilepsy].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
Same journal

[Glial-derived neurotrophic factor and neuropsychological status in COVID-19 survivors].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

106.3K

[Hemifacial spasm].

Z A Zalyalova1,2

  • 1Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|September 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) involves facial nerve muscles. Treatments like microvascular decompression and botulinum toxin injections offer effective relief for HFS, with varying complication rates.

Keywords:
abobotulotoxinantidromic impulseblink reflexbotulinum therapydisportephaptic transmissionfacial hemispasmfacial nervefunctional neuroimaginghemifacial spasmhyper excitabilitymicrovascular decompressionsynkinesia

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Orofacial Muscle Regeneration – Insights and Innovations
06:33

Author Spotlight: Exploring Orofacial Muscle Regeneration – Insights and Innovations

Published on: December 29, 2023

1.2K
Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

748

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

106.3K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Orofacial Muscle Regeneration – Insights and Innovations
06:33

Author Spotlight: Exploring Orofacial Muscle Regeneration – Insights and Innovations

Published on: December 29, 2023

1.2K
Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

748

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a hyperkinetic disorder affecting facial nerve muscles, often linked to neurovascular conflict.
  • Pathophysiology involves peripheral and central mechanisms, including ephaptic transmission and neuronal hyperexcitability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare the efficacy and safety of two primary treatment modalities for hemifacial spasm: microvascular decompression and botulinum toxin injections.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of treatment outcomes for microvascular decompression (MVD) in HFS patients.
  • Evaluation of botulinum toxin (BTX) injections, specifically abobotulotoxin (ABO), as a first-line HFS treatment.

Main Results:

  • MVD demonstrates high effectiveness (95.37%) with low recurrence rates (2.4%), though potential complications include facial nerve paralysis and hearing loss.
  • ABO injections are effective for primary and secondary HFS, with generally well-tolerated adverse events (up to 3.6%) such as ptosis and blurred vision.

Conclusions:

  • Both MVD and BTX injections are pathogenetically justified treatments for HFS.
  • ABO is an effective and well-tolerated first-line treatment for HFS, offering significant clinical benefits.