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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive.

T Fulop1,2, A Larbi3, K Hirokawa4

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada. Tamas.Fulop@Usherbrooke.ca.

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Summary

Aging immune system changes are not entirely detrimental. Some aspects are adaptive, balancing health and disease, influencing healthy aging and longevity in older adults.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Homeodynamics

Background:

  • Immune system alterations with aging are linked to age-related diseases.
  • Many elderly individuals maintain good health, with increasing numbers of fit centenarians.
  • Current views on age-related immune changes are often unilaterally detrimental.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the detrimental consideration of age-related immune changes.
  • To introduce the concept of immunobiography for distinguishing aging trajectories.
  • To highlight adaptive versus maladaptive aspects of immune system aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data on immune system aging.
  • Application of the immunobiography concept.
  • Analysis of homeodynamic balance in the aging immune system.

Main Results:

  • The aging immune system exhibits homeodynamic characteristics, balancing adaptive and maladaptive elements.
  • Individual aging trajectories can be distinguished using the immunobiography concept.
  • The equilibrium between adaptive and maladaptive immune aspects influences survival and health.

Conclusions:

  • A nuanced view of immune system aging is necessary, acknowledging both adaptive and maladaptive changes.
  • The balance of immune system components is crucial for healthy aging.
  • Understanding these balances can inform strategies for promoting health in advanced age.