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Helium Ion Microscopy for Reduced Spin Orbit Torque Switching Currents.

Peter Dunne1,2, Ciaran Fowley3, Gregor Hlawacek3

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Summary

Focused helium ion beam irradiation locally reduces magnetic anisotropy in Cobalt (Co) thin films. This enables precise control over spin-orbit torque switching, achieving low current densities without lithography for advanced memory and computing.

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ion beam irradiationnanomagnetismspin orbit torque switchingspintronics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Spin-orbit torque (SOT) driven switching is crucial for magnetic memory and communication devices.
  • Controlling the critical switching current density is challenging due to material and geometric dependencies.
  • Local modulation of magnetic properties is needed for advanced device functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the use of focused helium ion beam irradiation for local modulation of magnetic anisotropy.
  • To investigate the effect of irradiation on spin-orbit torque switching in Cobalt (Co) thin films.
  • To achieve spatially controlled reduction of critical switching current densities.

Main Methods:

  • Focused helium ion beam irradiation of Co thin films.
  • Real-time in situ characterization using the anomalous Hall effect.
  • Microscopic scale analysis of magnetic anisotropy modulation.

Main Results:

  • Focused helium ion beam irradiation significantly reduced local magnetic anisotropy (up to an order of magnitude).
  • Multilevel magnetic switching was demonstrated under irradiation.
  • Achieved spin-switching current densities as low as 800 kA cm-2 on predetermined areas.
  • Demonstrated lithography-free spatial control over magnetic switching.

Conclusions:

  • Focused helium ion beam irradiation offers a precise method for local magnetic property tuning.
  • Spatially controlled SOT switching is achievable, enabling tailored critical current densities.
  • This technique has significant implications for next-generation storage, neuromorphic, and probabilistic computing.