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Acute severe hypertension associated with acute gastroenteritis in children

Jennifer E Fishbein1, Christine B Sethna2, Pamela Singer2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.

Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|September 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Acute severe hypertension in children with gastroenteritis is rare but manageable. Prompt evaluation and treatment led to blood pressure normalization and recovery after the illness resolved, with no lasting effects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Acute severe hypertension in children is uncommon.
  • Hospitalization for blood pressure management in pediatric acute illness is rare.
  • Gastroenteritis can present with severe hypertension in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe cases of acute severe hypertension in children with acute gastroenteritis.
  • To investigate the clinical course and outcomes of these patients.
  • To highlight the importance of blood pressure assessment in acute pediatric illnesses.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 10 children.
  • Inclusion criteria: acute gastroenteritis, severe hypertension requiring hospitalization.
  • Exclusion criteria: underlying kidney pathology, secondary causes of hypertension.

Main Results:

  • All 10 children presented with acute severe hypertension and gastroenteritis.
  • Two children required intensive care unit admission.
  • All patients achieved blood pressure normalization and discontinued antihypertensive treatment upon resolution of gastroenteritis.

Conclusions:

  • Acute severe hypertension associated with acute gastroenteritis in children is a distinct clinical entity.
  • This condition appears to be transient and resolves with gastroenteritis resolution.
  • Thorough blood pressure assessment is crucial in children presenting with acute illnesses.

Keywords:
acute severe hypertensionchildrengastroenteritistarget organ damage

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