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Oral function in subjects with overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants.

T Haraldson1, T Jemt, P A Stålblad

  • 1Department of Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
|June 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Dental implants supporting overdentures significantly enhance oral function. Patients experienced improved bite force and chewing efficiency after treatment with osseointegrated implants in the mandible.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral surgery
  • Biomaterials science
  • Prosthodontics

Background:

  • Mandibular overdentures are a common prosthetic solution.
  • Osseointegrated implants offer improved stability and function for dental prostheses.
  • Limited data exists on the functional outcomes of mandibular overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the functional outcomes of mandibular overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants.
  • To compare oral function before and after implant-supported overdenture treatment.
  • To assess subjective and clinical improvements, bite force, and chewing efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of nine subjects received overdentures on osseointegrated implants in the mandible.

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  • Functional evaluation included subjective and clinical examinations.
  • Objective measurements of bite force (gentle, chewing, maximal effort) and chewing efficiency using almonds as test food were performed.
  • Data was collected before treatment and at a 1-year follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • All subjects reported subjective and demonstrated clinical improvements post-treatment.
    • Average bite force increased significantly: gentle biting (17.3 N to 24.0 N), chewing (24.0 N to 38.7 N), and maximal effort (74.6 N to 131.5 N).
    • Chewing efficiency improved, with median values changing from Ci = 4 to Ci = 2.8.

    Conclusions:

    • Mandibular overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants lead to substantial improvements in oral function.
    • Implant-supported overdentures provide enhanced masticatory performance and patient satisfaction.
    • This treatment modality represents a significant advancement in restoring oral function for edentulous mandibles.