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Related Experiment Videos

Physical training and changes in regional adipose tissue distribution.

J P Després1, A Tremblay, A Nadeau

  • 1Physical Activity Sciences Laboratory, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada.

Acta Medica Scandinavica. Supplementum
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Obesity complications like diabetes are linked to abdominal fat, especially in men. Exercise helps reduce this fat, improving health outcomes for both sexes, particularly women with central obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Complications
  • Cardiovascular Disease Risk
  • Adipose Tissue Distribution

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to metabolic issues like diabetes and hypertension.
  • Cardiovascular disease links to obesity are inconsistent.
  • Adipose tissue distribution, particularly abdominal fat, is a key cardiovascular risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of adipose tissue distribution in obesity-related metabolic complications.
  • To explore sex differences in fat distribution and its impact on cardiovascular risk.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise-training in managing obesity and associated risks.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of prospective studies on obesity and cardiovascular risk.
  • Comparison of fat distribution patterns between men and women.

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  • Assessment of metabolic disturbances in relation to abdominal versus peripheral fat.
  • Evaluation of weight loss and fat loss in men and women undergoing aerobic exercise-training.

    • Main Results:

    • Abdominal fat, not just overall adiposity, correlates strongly with metabolic disturbances.
    • Men tend to store excess fat abdominally, increasing their metabolic risk.
    • Women with abdominal fat distribution exhibit greater metabolic complications.
    • Aerobic exercise leads to greater fat loss in men, primarily central fat.
    • Women show relative resistance to fat loss but benefit from exercise if they have central obesity.

    Conclusions:

    • Sex dimorphism in adipose tissue localization partly explains higher cardiovascular risk in obese men.
    • Targeting abdominal fat through exercise is crucial for managing metabolic complications in both sexes.
    • Aerobic exercise-training is beneficial for obese women with central fat distribution.