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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
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Linking Neuronal Direction Selectivity to Perceptual Decisions About Visual Motion.

Tatiana Pasternak1,2,3,4, Duje Tadin1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA; email: tpastern@ur.rochester.edu, dtadin@ur.rochester.edu.

Annual Review of Vision Science
|September 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Visual motion processing relies on direction selectivity, crucial for memory-guided decisions. Studies link neuronal responses to perceptual tasks, highlighting area MT and prefrontal cortex interactions.

Keywords:
area MTdirection discriminationmotion perceptionprefrontal cortexspeed discriminationstrobe-reared catsworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Psychophysical and neurophysiological studies reveal principles of visual motion processing.
  • Direction and speed are key encoded stimulus properties in visual motion perception.
  • Parallels exist between psychophysical and physiological responses to motion stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the links between neuronal direction selectivity and its use in memory-guided perceptual decisions.
  • To explore how direction selectivity is utilized in cognitive tasks.
  • To understand the neural basis of visual motion perception.

Main Methods:

  • Neuronal recordings in monkeys performing direction discrimination tasks.
  • Examining perceptual effects of developmental motion deprivation on cortical direction selectivity.
  • Microstimulation and lesion studies in visual and prefrontal cortices.

Main Results:

  • Established links between neuronal direction selectivity and memory-guided perceptual decisions.
  • Demonstrated the importance of direction-selective activity in area MT and prefrontal cortex.
  • Revealed interactions between these areas during behavioral tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Direction selectivity is a fundamental neuronal response to visual motion.
  • This selectivity is critical for memory-guided perceptual decisions.
  • Area MT and prefrontal cortex interact to support these complex visual tasks.