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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Non-classical behavior of the default mode network regions during an information processing task.

Pedro Henrique Rodrigues da Silva1, Carlo Rondinoni2, Renata F Leoni2

  • 1InBrain, Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. pedrojoanabrit@usp.br.

Brain Structure & Function
|September 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The default mode network (DMN) typically deactivates during tasks, but this study found the left precuneus (BA 7) acts as a bridge, connecting the DMN to task-positive areas during information processing.

Keywords:
Default mode networkFunctional connectivityFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPosterior cingulate gyrusPrecuneusSymbol digit modalities test

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is crucial for cognition, usually deactivating during goal-directed tasks.
  • Recent findings challenge the consistent deactivation of DMN regions during attention-demanding tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional activation and connectivity of DMN nodes in healthy young adults during a goal-directed task.
  • To explore the role of DMN in information processing speed (IPS).

Main Methods:

  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was used during resting-state and a Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) paradigm.
  • DMN templates were superimposed on activation maps; the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was analyzed separately as left precuneus (BA 7) and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG).

Main Results:

  • DMN regions generally showed suppressed activation and functional connectivity during the SDMT task.
  • The left precuneus (BA 7) exhibited positive correlation with a task-positive region (left lingual gyrus, BA 17) and negative correlation with other DMN nodes.
  • This suggests a context-dependent, modulatory role for the left precuneus (BA 7).

Conclusions:

  • DMN activation and functional connectivity are generally suppressed during information processing.
  • The left precuneus (BA 7) functions as a transient hub, connecting the DMN with task-positive areas.
  • These findings may help understand IPS deficits in neurological diseases.