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Using Xenopus Neural Crest Explants to Study Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Nadège Gouignard1, Christian Rouvière1, Eric Theveneau2

  • 1Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex 09, France.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 17, 2020
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Summary

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process crucial for development and disease, involving cell changes that enhance migration. This study details a protocol using Xenopus neural crest cells to investigate EMT dynamics like cell adhesion and motility.

Keywords:
AdhesionCell migrationDispersionEpithelial-mesenchymal transitionNeural crestPolarity

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental cellular process where epithelial cells lose polarity and adhesion, gaining migratory capabilities.
  • EMT is crucial in physiological processes like embryogenesis and wound healing, but also implicated in pathological conditions such as fibrosis and cancer.
  • Neural crest (NC) cells serve as an excellent model for studying EMT due to their migratory behavior mirroring carcinoma progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed protocol for extracting and culturing Xenopus neural crest (NC) cells.
  • To enable the study of cell-cell adhesion, cell motility, and dispersion dynamics during EMT.
  • To offer a model system for understanding the mechanisms underlying EMT in both physiological and pathological contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of neural crest (NC) cells from Xenopus embryos.
  • Establishment of cell culture conditions for NC cells.
  • Microscopy and live imaging techniques to observe cell behavior.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive protocol for NC cell extraction and culture was successfully developed.
  • The protocol facilitates detailed observation of cell-cell adhesion, motility, and dispersion.
  • Demonstrated the utility of Xenopus NC cells as a model for EMT research.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol provides a robust method for studying EMT dynamics.
  • Xenopus NC cells offer a valuable model for investigating the cellular mechanisms of EMT.
  • This research contributes to understanding EMT in development and its role in diseases like cancer.