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Updated: Dec 8, 2025
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Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
Published on: February 27, 2017
18.9K
Precise Control of Perovskite Crystallization Kinetics via Sequential A-Site Doping
Minchao Qin1, Haibo Xue2, Hengkai Zhang3
1Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|September 17, 2020
Summary
Two-step fabrication of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskites with sequential doping improves film quality. This method precisely controls crystallization, boosting solar cell efficiencies over 23%.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Solid-State Chemistry
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Two-step fabrication of FAPbI3-based perovskites offers superior film quality and reproducibility.
- The film formation mechanism of these perovskites is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the crystallization kinetics of a Cs+ and GA+ sequentially doped FAPbI3-based perovskite film.
- To understand the role of sequential A-site doping in controlling perovskite film formation.
Main Methods:
- In situ X-ray scattering
- First-principles calculations
- Two-step sequential A-site doping (Cs+, GA+)
Main Results:
- Cs+ incorporation in the first step creates an energetically favorable pathway from δ-CsPbI3 to the α-phase but leads to pinholes.
- GA+ incorporation in the second step promotes the δ-CsPbI3 to α-phase transition and eliminates pinholes via Ostwald ripening and grain boundary migration.
- Perovskite solar cell efficiencies exceeded 23%.
Conclusions:
- Sequential doping in a two-step process allows precise control over perovskite crystallization kinetics by decoupling nucleation and growth.
- This approach offers advantages over one-step fabrication methods for high-performance perovskite solar cells.
